Comparison Between the Domains Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya
| Characteristic | Bacteria | Archaea | Eukarya |
| Cell nucleus | No | No | Yes |
| Chromosome form | Single, circular | Single, circular | Multiple, linear |
| DNA replication origins | One | One or more | Many |
| Histone proteins present | No | In some species | Yes |
| Peptidoglycan cell wall | Yes | No | No |
| Polycistronic mRNA | Present | Present | Present |
| mRNA Introns | Absent | Absent | Absent |
| Membrane lipids | Unbranched, ester-linked hydrocarbons |
Some branched, etherlinked hydrocarbons | Unbranched, esterlinked hydrocarbons |
| Gas Vesicles | Present | Present | Absent |
| Ribosome sedimentation value |
70S | 70S | 80S |
| Ribosome sensitivity to diphtheria toxin |
No | Yes | Yes |
| RNA polymerase | One type | Several types | Several types |
| First amino acid in a protein | Formylmethionine | Methionine | Methionine |
| Chlorophyll-based photosynthesis |
Yes (cyanobacteria) | No | Yes (algae) |
| Growth above 80°C | Some species | Some species | No |
| Growth above 100°C | No | Some species | No |
| Pathogens | Some species | No | Some species |
Also Read:
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- Microbiology Disciplines: Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi, Archaea and Protists
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- Cyanobacteria: occurrence, morphology, structure, reproduction
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