Influenza (Flu): Introduction, Types, Antiviral Drugs and immunization
Influenza (Flu) Introduction Influenza (Italian, un influenza di freddo-to be influenced by the cold), or the flu, was described by Hippocrates in 412 BCE. The …
Medical Microbiology
Proteus Bacilli: Introduction, Morphology, Biochemical and Treatment
Proteus Bacilli Introduction Proteus bacilli are normal intestinal commensals and opportunistic pathogens like coliforms. The name ‘Proteus’ refers to their pleomorphism, after the Greek god …
Methods for Laboratory diagnosis of viral infections
Laboratory diagnosis of viral infections Indications for Laboratory Diagnosis of Viral Infections Diagnosis of diseases caused by viruses for which antiviral chemotherapy is already available …
Multiple Sclerosis: Introduction, Symptoms, Causes and Diagnosis
Multiple Sclerosis: Introduction, symptoms, risk factors, causes, and diagnosis Introduction Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common cause of neurologic disability. Epidemiological studies indicate that …
Staphylococcus aureus-Epidemiology, Pathogenesis & Treatment
Staphylococcus aureus – Epidemiology, Pathogenesis & Treatment Introduction The genus name Staphylococcus refers to the gram-positive cocci that grow in a pattern resembling a cluster …
Overview of the Bacterial Pathogenesis
Overview of the Bacterial Pathogenesis Introduction The human body is a favorable niche for bacteria as it provides all necessary requirements for their growth such …
Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Treatment
Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Treatment Introduction M. tuberculosis is gram-positive rods, aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming, intracellular bacteria. It has fastidious growth requirements, growth is enhanced by …
Fungal Diseases of Hair, Skin, and Nails
Fungal Diseases of Hair, Skin, and Nails Introduction Mycoses are referred to as fungal diseases, and classified according to the site of infection which is …
E.coli-Epidemiology, Pathogenesis and Treatment
E.coli-Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Treatment Introduction E.coli belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae, gram-negative rods, lactose fermenting (produces indole), facultative anaerobes. E.coli are ubiquitous in nature, commonly …
Pseudomonas aeruginosa-Etiology, Pathogenesis and Treatment
Pseudomonas aeruginosa– Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Treatment Introduction There are diverse numbers of Pseudomonas species but P. aerugonisa is considered a clinically significant opportunistic pathogen. P. …