Leishmaniasis – Epidemiology, Clinical Symptoms, and Treatment What is Leishmaniasis? Leishmaniasis is a zoonosis disease caused by obligate intracellular parasites i.e., Leishmania spp. It is usually transmitted from animal to …
Pathogenicity Islands (PAI) The DNA of bacteria is dynamic, other than the core genome; it’s composed of mobile elements, for instance, transposons, a genetic island that can be transferred through …
Shigella – Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Treatment Introduction Shigella is classified among the class of Enterobacteriaceae, more related to E.coli. It’s a gram-negative rod, non-motile and unlike E.coli doesn’t involve gas …
Control Methods for Food Spoilage Introduction Foods are mostly derived from plant or animal-based, so it is an excellent environment to support the growth of the microorganisms because they are …
Introduction In microbial ecology, microorganisms are associated with higher organisms. The term symbiosis (“together- life”), elaborates various interactions between microorganisms and also between higher organisms such as plants and animals. …
Introduction Plant-Microbe is closely associated with each other, both surfaces of roots and shoots provide micro-habitats for microbial growth. Soil microbes are heterotrophic in nature, for primary production they evolved …
Overview of Glucose Catabolism via Glycolysis Introduction Glucose is an important source of energy, used by many organisms for their metabolic process. It has several advantages, such as its high …
The Nucleus-Detailed Structure and Functions Nucleus The nucleus is a central part of the cell; it can be easily distinguished between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The nucleus functions as a …
Fermentation: Introduction and its Types Introduction Hypothetically, the first living organism came into existence, when the atmosphere was devoid of oxygen, to drive the cell metabolism; anaerobic degradation of glucose …
Introduction Nutrients present in the environment, such as nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorous, manganese, and iron are cycled, carried out during the course of microbial growth & metabolism. This process of nutrient …