Immunology Quiz

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1 / 20

Hypersensitivity reactions are classified into how many types?

2 / 20

Passive immunity is best exemplified by:

Vaccination

T-cell activation

Infection recovery

Maternal antibodies to the baby

3 / 20

The main function of the invariant chain (Ii) in MHC Class II antigen processing is to:

Degrade antigens in endosomes

Facilitate antigen loading onto MHC I

Block the peptide-binding groove of MHC II in the ER

Help export peptides out of the ER

4 / 20

Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase (AID) is required for which immunological process?

Complement activation

Somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination

T cell receptor rearrangement

MHC class II antigen loading

5 / 20

Which of the following is a primary lymphoid organ?

Spleen

Tonsils

Lymph node

Thymus

6 / 20

Which cytokine is mainly responsible for the proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow?

TNF-α

IL-3

IL-7

IL-1

7 / 20

The absence of which molecule would most impair the presentation of endogenous antigens to CD8+ T cells?

MHC Class II

TAP1/TAP2

CD28

CD40

8 / 20

Hypersensitivity reactions are classified into how many types?

9 / 20

The "danger model" of immune activation suggests that the immune system responds to:

Antigens bound to MHC

Pathogens with high PAMP levels

Non-self antigens only

Signals from damaged or stressed cells

10 / 20

Which transcription factor is crucial for regulatory T cell (Treg) development?

T-bet

Foxp3

RORγt

GATA-3

11 / 20

Which complement component is responsible for the membrane attack complex (MAC) formation?

C5b

C4a

C1q

C3b

12 / 20

Which of the following cells are essential for the formation of germinal centers in lymph nodes?

Follicular helper T (Tfh) cells

Dendritic cells

CD8+ T cells

Neutrophils

13 / 20

Which cell is responsible for producing antibodies?

T cells

Macrophages

B cells

Neutrophils

14 / 20

Which of the following cells are antigen-presenting cells (APCs)?

T helper cells

Dendritic cells

All of the above

B cells

15 / 20

Which enzyme complex is responsible for recombination of V(D)J gene segments in lymphocytes?

RAG1/RAG2

RNA polymerase

AID

Cas9

16 / 20

Which class of immunoglobulin is the first to appear in response to an antigen?

IgM

IgG

IgE

IgA

17 / 20

What is the function of CTLA-4 on T cells?

Competes with CD28 to inhibit costimulatory signaling

Enhances T cell survival

Promotes proliferation

Increases cytokine production

18 / 20

Which MHC molecule presents endogenous (intracellular) antigens to CD8+ T cells?

MHC Class II

MHC Class III

MHC Class I

MHC DQ

19 / 20

Which subclass of IgG has the highest affinity for FcγRI (CD64) receptors?

IgG1

IgG2

IgG3

IgG4

20 / 20

Which of the following immunoglobulin isotypes is most effective at activating the classical complement pathway?

IgM

IgG4

IgE

IgA

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