Immunology Quiz

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1 / 20

The process of class switch recombination in B cells requires the presence of which molecule?

Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase (AID)

IL-1

RAG1/2

TdT

2 / 20

The main function of the invariant chain (Ii) in MHC Class II antigen processing is to:

Degrade antigens in endosomes

Facilitate antigen loading onto MHC I

Help export peptides out of the ER

Block the peptide-binding groove of MHC II in the ER

3 / 20

Which MHC molecule presents endogenous (intracellular) antigens to CD8+ T cells?

MHC DQ

MHC Class I

MHC Class III

MHC Class II

4 / 20

Which transcription factor is crucial for regulatory T cell (Treg) development?

Foxp3

T-bet

GATA-3

RORγt

5 / 20

Which cytokine is mainly responsible for the proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow?

TNF-α

IL-3

IL-7

IL-1

6 / 20

The function of the immunological synapse formed between a T cell and an antigen-presenting cell includes:

Suppression of cytokine release

Blocking costimulatory signaling

Facilitation of TCR signaling and directed secretion

Inhibition of antigen processing

7 / 20

Which cytokine is primarily responsible for promoting isotype switching to IgE?

IL-4

IL-2

IL-10

IFN-γ

8 / 20

Which of the following cells are antigen-presenting cells (APCs)?

Dendritic cells

T helper cells

B cells

All of the above

9 / 20

Hypersensitivity reactions are classified into how many types?

10 / 20

Which subclass of IgG has the highest affinity for FcγRI (CD64) receptors?

IgG3

IgG2

IgG4

IgG1

11 / 20

Which of the following transcription factors is critical for the differentiation of Th1 cells?

GATA3

FoxP3

RORγt

T-bet

12 / 20

Which cell is responsible for producing antibodies?

T cells

Macrophages

B cells

Neutrophils

13 / 20

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in humans is also known as:

TCR

HLA

MALT

CD8

14 / 20

Which complement component is responsible for the membrane attack complex (MAC) formation?

C4a

C3b

C5b

C1q

15 / 20

What is the function of CTLA-4 on T cells?

Enhances T cell survival

Promotes proliferation

Competes with CD28 to inhibit costimulatory signaling

Increases cytokine production

16 / 20

Hypersensitivity reactions are classified into how many types?

17 / 20

Which class of immunoglobulin is the first to appear in response to an antigen?

IgG

IgE

IgA

IgM

18 / 20

Which of the following cells are essential for the formation of germinal centers in lymph nodes?

CD8+ T cells

Follicular helper T (Tfh) cells

Neutrophils

Dendritic cells

19 / 20

The "danger model" of immune activation suggests that the immune system responds to:

Antigens bound to MHC

Non-self antigens only

Signals from damaged or stressed cells

Pathogens with high PAMP levels

20 / 20

Which of the following is a primary lymphoid organ?

Spleen

Thymus

Lymph node

Tonsils

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