Immunology Quiz

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1 / 20

Which cytokine is mainly responsible for the proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow?

IL-1

IL-7

TNF-α

IL-3

2 / 20

Passive immunity is best exemplified by:

Vaccination

T-cell activation

Infection recovery

Maternal antibodies to the baby

3 / 20

Which cytokine is primarily responsible for promoting isotype switching to IgE?

IL-2

IFN-γ

IL-4

IL-10

4 / 20

What is the function of CTLA-4 on T cells?

Enhances T cell survival

Competes with CD28 to inhibit costimulatory signaling

Promotes proliferation

Increases cytokine production

5 / 20

The function of the immunological synapse formed between a T cell and an antigen-presenting cell includes:

Facilitation of TCR signaling and directed secretion

Suppression of cytokine release

Inhibition of antigen processing

Blocking costimulatory signaling

6 / 20

The main function of the invariant chain (Ii) in MHC Class II antigen processing is to:

Facilitate antigen loading onto MHC I

Block the peptide-binding groove of MHC II in the ER

Help export peptides out of the ER

Degrade antigens in endosomes

7 / 20

Which transcription factor is crucial for regulatory T cell (Treg) development?

Foxp3

RORγt

GATA-3

T-bet

8 / 20

Which complement component is responsible for the membrane attack complex (MAC) formation?

C5b

C4a

C3b

C1q

9 / 20

Which molecule is critical for the migration of dendritic cells from peripheral tissues to lymph nodes?

IL-12

CCR7

CD80

CD40

10 / 20

Which enzyme complex is responsible for recombination of V(D)J gene segments in lymphocytes?

RAG1/RAG2

RNA polymerase

Cas9

AID

11 / 20

Which immunoglobulin is found in secretions like saliva and tears?

IgE

IgD

IgA

IgG

12 / 20

Which subclass of IgG has the highest affinity for FcγRI (CD64) receptors?

IgG3

IgG1

IgG2

IgG4

13 / 20

Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase (AID) is required for which immunological process?

Somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination

T cell receptor rearrangement

Complement activation

MHC class II antigen loading

14 / 20

Which MHC molecule presents endogenous (intracellular) antigens to CD8+ T cells?

MHC DQ

MHC Class II

MHC Class III

MHC Class I

15 / 20

Hypersensitivity reactions are classified into how many types?

16 / 20

Anergy in T cells is primarily caused by:

Presence of superantigens

Antigen recognition without co-stimulatory signals

Excessive IL-2 production

Absence of antigen presentation

17 / 20

Somatic hypermutation occurs in which part of the immune system?

Bone marrow

Liver

Thymus

Germinal centers of lymph nodes

18 / 20

Hypersensitivity reactions are classified into how many types?

19 / 20

The absence of which molecule would most impair the presentation of endogenous antigens to CD8+ T cells?

MHC Class II

CD40

TAP1/TAP2

CD28

20 / 20

Which of the following cells are antigen-presenting cells (APCs)?

B cells

T helper cells

Dendritic cells

All of the above

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