Overview of the Bacterial Pathogenesis Introduction The human body is a favorable niche for bacteria as it provides all necessary requirements for their growth such as food, warmth, and moisture. …
Introduction to the Microbial Nutrition Microbial cells carry out several functions, which include metabolic processes and growth. For these processes, energy sources are required, which are obtained by nutrients. Nutrients …
Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Treatment Introduction M. tuberculosis is gram-positive rods, aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming, intracellular bacteria. It has fastidious growth requirements, growth is enhanced by CO2 (5%-10%), divides slowly (up …
Fungal Diseases of Hair, Skin, and Nails Introduction Mycoses are referred to as fungal diseases, and classified according to the site of infection which is as follows: Superficial Mycoses Cutaneous …
E.coli-Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Treatment Introduction E.coli belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae, gram-negative rods, lactose fermenting (produces indole), facultative anaerobes. E.coli are ubiquitous in nature, commonly found in water, soil, and …
Pseudomonas aeruginosa– Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Treatment Introduction There are diverse numbers of Pseudomonas species but P. aerugonisa is considered a clinically significant opportunistic pathogen. P. aerugonisa are motile, aerobic, gram-negative …
Salmonella-Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, diseases, and Treatment Introduction Salmonella belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family, are gram-negative rods, facultative anaerobes, oxidase negative, have peritrichous flagella. Its antigenic structure contains lipopolysaccharide that has outer …
Phagocytosis – Introduction and Mechanisms A significant defense mechanism of the innate system. Phagocytosis: Process of ingestion and digestion of the extracellular particulate material by phagocytic cells. Extracellular particulate includes …
Cytokines-Introduction, Properties, and Functions Introduction The word cytokines are derived from the Greek word, ‘cyto’ refers to cells, and ‘kinos’ refers to movement. Cytokines are a group of proteins, which …
Inflammation- Process, Factors, and Anti-Inflammatory agents Introduction Inflammation is an intricate response to various stimuli which includes local trauma, wound, or infections. Several mediators such as chemokines, cytokines, and immune …